1.Selelekela sa spinach
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), e tsejoang hape e le meroho ea Persia, meroho ea metso e khubelu, meroho ea parrot, joalo-joalo, ke ea mofuta oa Spinach ea lelapa la Chenopodiaceae, 'me ke ea sehlopha se le seng le beet le quinoa.Ke setlama sa selemo le selemo se nang le makhasi a matala ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea kholo e fumanehang bakeng sa kotulo.Limela ho fihlela ho 1 m ka bolelele, metso ea conical, e khubelu, hangata e tšoeu, halberd ho ovate, e tala e khanyang, e feletseng kapa e nang le lobes tse seng kae tse kang leino.Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea spinach, e ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli: e meutloa le e se nang meutloa.
Spinach ke semela sa selemo le selemo mme ho na le mefuta e mengata ea spinach, e meng ea eona e loketseng tlhahiso ea khoebo.Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea motheo ea spinach e lengoang United States: maqeba a sosobaneng (makhasi a phuthoang), a bataletseng (makhasi a boreleli), le a semi-fried (a kobehileng hanyenyane).Ka bobeli ke meroho e makhasi 'me phapang e kholo ke botenya ba makhasi kapa ho hanyetsa ho tšoara.Mefuta e mecha e nang le likutu tse khubelu le makhasi le eona e hlahisitsoe United States.
Chaena ke mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa spinach, e lateloa ke US, le hoja tlhahiso le tšebeliso e ntse e eketseha ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng lilemong tse fetileng tsa 20, e atamela lik'hilograma tse 1,5 ka motho.Hajoale, California e na le lihekthere tse ka bang 47,000 tsa lihekthere tse lenngoeng, 'me spinach ea California e etella pele ka lebaka la tlhahiso ea selemo ho pota.Ho fapana le lirapa tsa mabaleng, mapolasi ana a khoebo a jala limela tse limilione tse 1.5-2.3 ka acre 'me li hola libakeng tse kholo tsa 40-80-inch bakeng sa kotulo e bonolo ea mochini.
2.Boleng ba phepo ea spinach
Ho latela maikutlo a phepo e nepahetseng, spinach e na le limatlafatsi tse itseng tsa bohlokoa, empa ka kakaretso, motsoako oa mantlha oa spinach ke metsi (91.4%).Le hoja ho tsepamisitsoe haholo ka limatlafatsi tse sebetsang ka mokhoa o omileng, likhahla tsa macronutrient li fokotsehile haholo (mohlala, 2.86% ea protheine, 0.39% mafura, 1.72% molora).Mohlala, fiber e felletseng ea lijo e ka ba 25% ea boima bo omileng.Spinach e na le limatlafatsi tse ngata tse kang potasiamo (6.74%), tšepe (315 mg/kg), folic acid (22 mg/kg), vithamine K1 (phylloquinone, 56 mg/kg), vithamine C (3,267 mg) /kg) , betaine (> 12,000 mg/kg), carotenoid B-carotene (654 mg/kg) le lutein + zeaxanthin (1,418 mg/kg).Ntle le moo, spinach e na le metabolite e fapaneng ea bobeli e hlahisoang ke li-derivatives tsa flavonoid, tse nang le litlamorao tse khahlanong le ho ruruha.Ka nako e ts'oanang, e boetse e na le likhahla tse ngata tsa phenolic acid, tse kang p-coumaric acid le ferulic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid le vanillic acid, le lignans tse fapa-fapaneng.Har'a mesebetsi e meng, mefuta e fapaneng ea spinach e na le thepa ea antioxidant.'Mala o motala oa spinach o tsoa haholo-holo ho chlorophyll, e bonts'itsoeng hore e lieha ho tsoa ka mpeng, e fokotsa ghrelin, le ho matlafatsa GLP-1, e leng molemo bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.Mabapi le omega-3s, spinach e na le stearidonic acid hammoho le eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) le alpha-linolenic acid (ALA).Sepinachi se na le nitrate eo pele ho neng ho nahanoa hore e kotsi empa hona joale ho nahanoa hore e molemo bophelong bo botle.E boetse e na le li-oxalate, tseo, le hoja li ka fokotsoa ke blanching, li ka tlatsetsang ho thehoeng ha majoe a senya.
3. Ho sebelisoa ha spinach lijong tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng
Sepinachi se tletse ka limatlafatsi 'me ke tlatsetso e ntle ho lijo tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.Sepinachi se nka sebaka sa pele har'a li-superfoods, lijo tse nang le li-antioxidants tsa tlhaho, li-bioactive substances, fiber e sebetsang le limatlafatsi tsa bohlokoa.Le hoja bongata ba rona re hōtse re sa rate sepinichi, se fumanoa lijong le lijong tse fapa-fapaneng kajeno, hangata li sebelisoa e le meroho e ncha ea selemo ka salate kapa ka li-sandwich sebakeng sa lettuce.Ho latela melemo ea eona lijong tsa batho, spinach e se e sebelisoa lijong tsa liphoofolo.
Sepinachi se na le mefuta e fapaneng ea tšebeliso ea lijo tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng: ho matlafatsa phepo e nepahetseng, tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, ho eketsa boipiletso ba 'maraka,' me lenane le tsoela pele.Ho eketsoa ha spinach ha e le hantle ha ho na litlamorao tse mpe, 'me ho na le melemo e le "superfood" lijong tsa sejoale-joale tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
Tlhahlobo ea spinach lijong tsa lintja e ile ea hatisoa khale ka 1918 (McClugage le Mendel, 1918).Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li bontšitse hore spinach chlorophyll e kenngoa 'me e isoa ka har'a lisele ke lintja (Fernandes et al., 2007)' me e ka rua molemo oxidation ea cellular le ts'ebetso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.Liphuputso tse ling tse 'maloa tsa morao-rao li bontšitse hore spinach e ka matlafatsa kutloisiso e le karolo ea motsoako oa antioxidant.
Joale, u kenya spinach joang lijong tsa mantlha tsa phoofolo ea lapeng?
Sepinachi se ka ekeletsoa lijong tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng e le motsoako 'me ka linako tse ling e le' mala oa lijo tse itseng.Ho sa tsotellehe hore na u eketsa spinach e omisitsoeng kapa e makhasi, chelete e kenyelletsoeng hangata e nyenyane - hoo e ka bang 0.1% kapa ka tlase, karolo e 'ngoe ka lebaka la theko e phahameng, empa hape hobane ha e boloke sebopeho sa eona hantle nakong ea ts'ebetso,' me makhasi a fetoha seretse se kang meroho. , makhasi a omisitsoeng a robeha habonolo.Leha ho le joalo, ponahalo e futsanehileng ha e sitise boleng ba eona, empa liphello tsa antioxidant, immune kapa phepo e nepahetseng li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa e-ba letho ka lebaka la tekanyo e tlaase e sebetsang e ekelitsoeng.Kahoo ho molemo ho tseba hore na tekanyo e sebetsang ea li-antioxidants ke eng, le boholo ba spinach eo phoofolo ea lapeng e ka e mamellang (e ka bakang liphetoho monkong oa lijo le tatso).
United States, ho na le melao e tobileng e laolang ho lengoa, ho kotula le ho ajoa ha spinach bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ke batho (80 FR 74354, 21CFR112).Ha ho nahanoa hore boholo ba sipinake ka har'a ketane ea phepelo e tsoa mohloling o le mong, molao ona o sebetsa le ho lijo tsa liphoofolo.Sepinichi sa US se rekisoa tlas'a US No. 1 kapa US No. 2 ea maemo a khethehileng.US No. 2 e loketse haholoanyane bakeng sa lijo tsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng hobane e ka ekeletsoa ho premix e lokelang ho sebetsoa.Li-chips tsa spinach tse omisitsoeng le tsona li sebelisoa hangata.Ha ho sebetsoa lilae tsa meroho, mahlaku a meroho a kotutsoeng aa hlatsuoa ebe a felloa ke metsi, ebe a omisoa ka tereing kapa se omisang meqomo, ebe moea o chesang o sebelisoa ho tlosa mongobo, 'me ka mor'a ho hlophisoa, o a pakoa hore o sebelisoe.
Nako ea poso: May-25-2022